Footnotes

• Handling editor Steve Rothrock

• Twitter @damian_roland, @mdlyttle

• Collaborators Pediatric Emergency Research Network Group Co-Authors: Naveen Poonai, MD, MSc (Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Western Ontario, Departments of Pediatrics, Internal Medicine, Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada); Franz E Babl (Emergency Department, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute; Melbourne, Australia; Departments of Paediatrics and Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia), MD, MPH; Graham Thompson (Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada), MD, MSc; Francine M Ducharme (Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Université de Montréal, Qc, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Qc, Canada), MD, MSc; David W. Johnson (Departments of Pediatrics, Emergency Medicine, and Physiology & Pharmacology, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada), MD; Terry P Klassen (Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada), MD, MSc; Bethany Lerman (Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada), BA; Bryan Maguire (Department of Clinical Research Services, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada), MSc; Rebecca Emerton (Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada), BA.

• Contributors LS and SS conceptualised and designed the study, drafted the initial manuscript, and reviewed and revised the manuscript for important intellectual content. RZ, DR, MDL, SCr, SRD, YF, SCu, SBF, ACP, NP, FEB, GT, FMD, DWJ and TPK designed the study and revised the manuscript for important intellectual content. JG designed the study, translated the survey into French and revised the manuscript for important intellectual content. BL and RE coordinated and supervised the data collection and reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content. BM conducted the statistical analysis and revised the manuscript for important intellectual content. All authors approved the final manuscript as submitted and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

• Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

• Competing interests None declared.

• Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

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